solar training
Excited about renewable energy sources and going green? If you are going to customize your own solar power system, there is some basic information regarding solar panels and battery storage you may want to consider.
One of the mistakes made with a solar array and battery storage is the system is not balanced. Too many solar panels and not enough batteries, energy will be wasted. Too many batteries and not enough solar panels (or other renewable energy source) and the batteries will never reached a full state of charge and the power may run out during the night.
The solar panels will need to produce enough watts to maintain the usage throughout the day when the sun is shining and enough battery storage to get through the night plus any reserve battery storage for cloudy days. If you are gone all day then chances are you will use more power during the evening hours after the sun has gone down. Take this into consideration when you do your calculation chart for the number of watts used and increase your battery storage. Be sure to use an efficiency rating such as 75-80% drop. If producing 100 watts a day, only 80 watts of usable energy will be produced. This is due to many factors such as wire size, the distant from the solar array to the batteries and draws such as the inverter/charge controller, and appliances with a constant draw etc. The solar panels need to produce 120% of the power that is needed.
If appliances are added after the solar power system is up, there will be a change in the battery reserve. When calculating the usage for your home, try to factor in any future appliances. Keep in mind that ambient temperature effects how often appliances such as refrigerators and freezers cycle. A refrigerator that only uses 1.5 amps but it cycles for 7 minutes every 15 minutes it is drawing for 28 minutes every hour, that’s 11.2 hours per day using 2016 watts a day.
Batteries need to reach a full state of charge in order to equalize at least once a month. On a 12 v system the charge controller may read 12.4 v under a load when the sun goes down, but this may not fully reflect the state of charge and the power may run out quicker.
There are many factors effecting the state of charge. Properly maintaining the batteries each month will increase their life. Check the water level, clean the terminals, put an corrosive cleaner and anti-corrosive on the terminals.
Batteries should have a date on them that is no more than three months apart. They will work for a while but they will not last their full life. The batteries may operate at the weakest battery capacity or a battery that has a short may drain the other batteries.
When calculating the battery storage and reserve, keep in mind that as the battery discharges and the volts go down the amperage goes up to maintain the same watts used and therefore creates a greater draw draining the batteries quicker.
http://www.offgrid-desert-living.com
My husband Ron and I built an offgrid dry stack concrete block home in the Arizona desert. We knew nothing about offgrid when we started our venture. We have learned alot about ourselves and our dreams (mostly that we still had some). I decided to share some of our experiences with others who are considering building offgrid.
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